Whip Enthusiast & Editor In Chief · 12 articles published

Cam Walsh has been obsessing over cars since before he could drive one. Based out of Atlanta, Cam covers automotive design, car culture, and the eternal debate over which whips actually look the part.
Ford built the Mk3 Focus RS for just three model years, and people still argue about it. It had 350 horsepower, a trick all-wheel-drive system that could shuffle torque across the rear axle, and a Drift Mode that actually worked. It also had a head gasket problem worth knowing about.
Understeer and oversteer are the two ways a car stops following your steering in a corner. Understeer is the front pushing wide when the car won't turn enough; oversteer is the rear stepping out and turning too much. Here is what causes each, how to tell them apart, and why one built an entire motorsport.
Turbochargers and superchargers do the same job, cramming extra air into the engine to make more power, but they get there in opposite ways. One runs on exhaust gas, the other steals power from the engine itself. Here is the real difference and which one wins, depending on what you want.
EDM stands for European Domestic Market: vehicles, parts, and styling built for sale in Europe, to European regulations. It is the European cousin of JDM and USDM, and the differences (engines, transmissions, lighting, and models we never got) are exactly why enthusiasts chase EDM cars.
OEM Plus, or OEM+, is a build philosophy: upgrade a car using factory or factory-style parts, often borrowed from higher trims or related models, so it looks like it could have left the factory that way. The whole point is restraint.
Hachi-roku is just Japanese for eight-six, the AE86 in the car's chassis code. The name stuck because the AE86 Corolla became one of the most beloved rear-drive cars ever built, and a manga turned it into a global icon.
Rev matching is a manual-transmission technique: you blip the throttle during a downshift so the engine's rpm matches the lower gear before you let the clutch out. Done right, the shift is seamless and your drivetrain takes less abuse. Heel-and-toe is the same idea done while braking into a corner.
The 1JZ and 2JZ are both Toyota inline-six engines from the same family, and people use the names like they are interchangeable. They are not. The 1JZ is a 2.5-liter that loves to rev. The 2JZ is a 3.0-liter that became famous for surviving four-figure horsepower on stock parts. Which one you want depends entirely on what you are building.
The 24 Hours of Le Mans is an endurance race held every June near Le Mans, France. Three drivers share one car and try to cover the most distance in a full day and night of flat-out racing. It has run since 1923, and a win there means more to a manufacturer than almost anything else in motorsport.
Pop-up headlights disappeared because European pedestrian-safety regulations made protruding front-end hardware effectively impossible to certify, and because fixed headlight technology got good enough that the mechanical complexity stopped earning its keep. The last two production cars to carry them ended production in 2004.
There is no single mileage number that makes a used car a bad buy, but there is a useful baseline: American drivers average roughly 13,500 miles per year, so divide the odometer by the car's age and you know immediately whether it lived a normal life. The honest answer is that mileage stopped being the number that matters most.
A sleeper is a car with serious performance hiding under a completely unremarkable exterior. The classic formula is an economy car, family sedan, wagon, or even a minivan built to embarrass sports cars while looking like it is on its way to a dentist appointment. The whole point is that nothing warns you.